The centrifugal casting technology of copper bushings is an efficient and precise casting method, which is widely used in the manufacture of copper alloy bushings used in mechanical equipment, automobiles, mines and other heavy machines. The basic principle of centrifugal casting is to use the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating mold to evenly distribute the metal liquid to the inner wall of the mold, thereby forming a high-density and good-performance casting.
Basic principle of centrifugal casting technology
Centrifugal casting is to pour the molten metal liquid into the rotating mold, push the metal liquid to the mold wall by centrifugal force, and finally form a solid casting. During the casting process, due to the action of centrifugal force, the density of the inner and outer layers of the casting is different. The outer layer is closer to the mold wall, which usually forms a more compact and dense structure, and the inner layer is relatively loose, which is suitable for making castings with special physical properties.
Centrifugal casting process of copper bushings
Copper bushings are generally made of copper alloy materials. The centrifugal casting process mainly includes the following steps:
1. Mold preparation The mold is usually made of high-strength refractory materials, which can withstand high temperatures and remain stable during rotation. The inner wall of the mold can be designed in the shape of a bushing.
2. Metal melting The copper alloy is heated to a molten state, usually in a high-temperature furnace, and the melting temperature is generally between 1050°C and 1150°C.
3. Pour the molten metal The molten metal is poured into the rotating mold through the molten pool. The rotation speed of the mold is usually controlled at tens to hundreds of revolutions per minute, and the rotation speed directly affects the quality and structure of the casting.
4. Cooling and solidification The molten metal solidifies in the mold due to cooling. Due to the action of centrifugal force, the molten metal is evenly distributed, forming a high-density outer wall, while the inner wall is relatively loose.
5. Demolding and inspection After the casting is cooled, the mold stops rotating, demolding and necessary inspections are carried out to ensure that the copper bushing meets the size and quality requirements.
Advantages of centrifugal casting copper bushings
High density and high strength: Centrifugal casting can make the outer layer of the casting dense through centrifugal force, and has high mechanical properties.
1. Fewer casting defects: Centrifugal casting reduces the generation of defects such as pores and inclusions, and improves the quality of castings.
2. Good wear resistance: Copper alloy bushings are usually used to withstand greater friction. Centrifugal casting technology makes the surface hardness of the castings higher and the wear resistance is better.
3. High molding precision: Centrifugally cast copper bushings can accurately control the size and shape, reducing the post-processing work.
Applicable materials
Copper alloy materials commonly used for centrifugal casting include:
Cast copper (such as copper-tin alloy, copper-lead alloy)
Cast bronze (such as bronze, aluminum bronze)
Aluminum bronze, these alloys have good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, suitable for use as bushing materials.
Application areas
The centrifugal casting technology of copper bushings is often used to manufacture high-performance bushings, bearings, sliders and other parts, and is widely used in:
Mechanical equipment: such as bearing bushings in mechanical transmission devices.
Automotive industry: Bushings used for automobile engines, gearboxes and other parts.
Mining equipment: Used for parts that require high wear resistance in mining machinery.
Influence of process parameters
Rotation speed: The rotation speed determines the uniformity of the metal liquid distribution and the density of the casting. Too high or too low will affect the quality of the casting.
Metal liquid temperature: Too low metal liquid temperature may lead to poor fluidity, while too high temperature may easily cause oxidation and other problems.
Cooling speed: The cooling speed affects the microstructure of the casting. Too fast or too slow will affect the performance of the copper bushing.
In short, the centrifugal casting technology of copper bushing is a very effective production process. It can produce copper alloy bushings with excellent mechanical properties, high dimensional accuracy and smooth surface. It is an ideal production method for many high-performance mechanical parts.
